{"id":2325,"date":"2024-08-20T11:43:59","date_gmt":"2024-08-20T18:43:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rfo.org\/?page_id=2325"},"modified":"2025-05-04T17:11:54","modified_gmt":"2025-05-05T00:11:54","slug":"research-at-rfo","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/rfo.org\/index.php\/research-at-rfo\/","title":{"rendered":"Research at RFO"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Astronomy is one of the few scientific fields remaining in which amateurs not only make significant contributions to research, but are essential to the process. The reason is simple: given the enormous number of astronomical objects and phenomena in our Universe, there are relatively few large professional telescopes available to study them. Amateurs routinely make their own discoveries but can also support professional efforts through collaboration. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"421\" height=\"358\" src=\"http:\/\/rfo.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-4.png\" alt=\"Artist's concept image of an exoplanet transiting in front of its host star.\" class=\"wp-image-2331 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rfo.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-4.png 421w, https:\/\/rfo.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-4-300x255.png 300w, https:\/\/rfo.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-4-71x60.png 71w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 421px) 100vw, 421px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p><strong>Observers at RFO recorded and analyzed transits of exoplanets HATP-20, XO-7, and XO-1. (2024)<\/strong> <br><br>(Click the links for the full reports)<br><a href=\"https:\/\/rfo.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Exoplanet-Transits-at-RFO.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Exoplanet Transit Observations<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/rfo.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Conclusions-Based-on-the-Analysis-of-Data-Obtained-from-Exoplanet-Transit-Observations-at-RFO.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Exoplanet Observation Conclusions<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/rfo.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Conclusions-Based-on-the-Analysis-of-Data-Obtained-from-Exoplanet-Transit-Observations-at-RFO.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Exoplanet Analysis Follow Up<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:36px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Regardless of whether the large professional telescopes are ground-based or space-based, getting time on them is very competitive for professional astronomers, and those telescopes are expensive to maintain and operate. When professionals do have an upcoming project on a large telescope, they need to make the most efficient use of their time, so they often ask amateur astronomers to gather preliminary data (through imaging). Data from amateurs around the world can be analyzed to give a clearer understanding of the object, so when the professional has his or her precious time at one of the large telescopes, that time is not wasted. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text has-media-on-the-right is-stacked-on-mobile\"><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p><strong>High school and college student observers investigated the possible gravitational attraction between two stars: WDS 22267 and 4433 ES 1346 AC\u00a0by measuring, analyzing and reporting their work to the <em>Journal of Double Star Observations<\/em>. (2024)<\/strong><br>(<a href=\"http:\/\/rfo.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Annual-RFO-Research-Report-2024-2.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Click for paper<\/a>)<\/p>\n<\/div><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rfo.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Astrometric-Measurements-of-WDS-222674433-ES-1346-AC.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"717\" height=\"459\" src=\"https:\/\/rfo.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Double-star-WDS-222674433-ES-1346-AC.png\" alt=\"Image of the double star that is the subject of this published paper.\" class=\"wp-image-2434 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rfo.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Double-star-WDS-222674433-ES-1346-AC.png 717w, https:\/\/rfo.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Double-star-WDS-222674433-ES-1346-AC-300x192.png 300w, https:\/\/rfo.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Double-star-WDS-222674433-ES-1346-AC-94x60.png 94w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 717px) 100vw, 717px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:36px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Research projects generally fall into three categories:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Photometry:&nbsp;<\/strong>Measuring the brightness of an object over a period of time,<br><strong>Astrometry:&nbsp;<\/strong>Measuring the position of an object at specific times, and<br><strong>Spectroscopy:&nbsp;<\/strong>Analyzing the light from an object to determine its chemical composition and motion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rfo.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Confirming-RCB-IR-Excess-with-AllWISE-and-2MASS-Observations.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"819\" src=\"http:\/\/rfo.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-3-1024x819.png\" alt=\"Plot of V filter  magnitude versus W4 band infrared brightness for two populations of R Corona Borealis stars.\" class=\"wp-image-2330 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rfo.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-3-1024x819.png 1024w, https:\/\/rfo.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-3-300x240.png 300w, https:\/\/rfo.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-3-768x614.png 768w, https:\/\/rfo.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-3-75x60.png 75w, https:\/\/rfo.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-3.png 1163w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p><strong>Researchers at RFO, one a high school student, analyzed R Corona Borealis variable stars to confirm infrared excess from online databases. Submitted to the Journal of the AAVSO, peer reviewed, under revision. (2022-24)<br><\/strong>(<a href=\"https:\/\/rfo.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Confirming-RCB-IR-Excess-with-AllWISE-and-2MASS-Observations.pdf\">Click for <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/rfo.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Confirming-RCB-IR-Excess-with-AllWISE-and-2MASS-Observations.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">paper<\/a>)<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:36px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Amateur and professional astronomers use the RC20 telescope in the East wing of RFO to make observations that can become part of a research paper written by another professional or part of a research effort led by citizen scientists. Our volunteers are trained on how to operate the telescope for taking science images and have access to a working group that meets regularly to discuss projects, to learn new techniques and software, and to solve problems they are encountering. Students at the high school and college level can work with volunteers on their own research projects or participate in larger projects that take more than a single semester to complete.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text has-media-on-the-right is-stacked-on-mobile\"><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p><strong>2024 Annual Report on RFO Research.  Read all the details on the RFO research group on learning and training, instrument improvements, student outreach, observations, software development, and the publication of research.<\/strong><br>(<a href=\"http:\/\/rfo.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Annual-RFO-Research-Report-2024-2.pdf\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"http:\/\/rfo.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Annual-RFO-Research-Report-2024-2.pdf\">Click for full report<\/a>)<\/p>\n<\/div><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rfo.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Annual-RFO-Research-Report-2023.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"259\" src=\"http:\/\/rfo.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/RC20-daytime.jpg\" alt=\"RFO's 20 inch Ritchey-Chreti\u00e8n research telescope.\" class=\"wp-image-1762 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rfo.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/RC20-daytime.jpg 300w, https:\/\/rfo.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/RC20-daytime-69x60.jpg 69w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:36px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rfo.org\/index.php\/research-at-rfo-m31-cepheid-variable\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"339\" height=\"344\" src=\"http:\/\/rfo.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/M31_V1-rectangle.jpg\" alt=\"Cepheid variable star highlighted in an image of M31, the Andromeda galaxy.\" class=\"wp-image-355 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rfo.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/M31_V1-rectangle.jpg 339w, https:\/\/rfo.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/M31_V1-rectangle-296x300.jpg 296w, https:\/\/rfo.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/M31_V1-rectangle-59x60.jpg 59w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 339px) 100vw, 339px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p><strong>Observed the Cepheid variable in M31 that served as Hubble&#8217;s galactic distance marker. (2010-11)<\/strong><br>(<a href=\"https:\/\/rfo.org\/index.php\/research-at-rfo-m31-cepheid-variable\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Click for summary<\/a>)<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Are you interested in getting involved in research? Send us an email at research@rfo.org. We encourage high school and college level students to contact us!<\/strong><\/h4>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Astronomy is one of the few scientific fields remaining in which amateurs not only make significant contributions to research, but are essential to the process. The reason is simple: given the enormous number of astronomical objects and phenomena in our Universe, there are relatively few large professional telescopes available to study them. Amateurs routinely make &hellip; <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":29,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2325","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rfo.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2325","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rfo.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rfo.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rfo.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rfo.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2325"}],"version-history":[{"count":53,"href":"https:\/\/rfo.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2325\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2857,"href":"https:\/\/rfo.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2325\/revisions\/2857"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rfo.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2325"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}